Michael Shapiro, MD

Articles by Michael Shapiro, MD

Annette is 61-years-old; she is treated for hypertension but today is concerned about her risk for heart attack because her father had a first MI at age 60. How would you proceed?

Although proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are highly effective, clinical failure in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is seen regularly--not only in GI clinics but also in primary care offices. In fact, the prevalence of failure with PPIs has increased in proportion to the expanding indications for their use.

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