Authors


Kanwar Rauhila, MD

Latest:

Wheezing in a 52-Year-Old Woman With a History of Colon Cancer

A 52-year-old woman was admitted tothe hospital with progressive shortnessof breath of 2 days’ duration. Bronchialasthma had been diagnosed 6 monthsearlier; inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators,and leukotriene antagonistswere prescribed. Despite aggressivetreatment, the patient’s dyspneaand wheezing worsened.


Karen Appold

Latest:

Sleep Disturbances Up Alzheimer Disease Risk in Men

The older the age at which self-reported sleep disturbance was indicated, a Swedish study found, the higher the risk of Alzheimer dementia.


Karen Bonuck, PhD

Latest:

Sleep Disorders in Young Children May Lead to Special Education Needs

Sleep-disordered breathing and behavioral sleep disturbance in young children may lead to learning disabilities.



Karen Clark, MD

Latest:

Green Nail Syndrome

Green discoloration of the fingernailsdeveloped 6 weeks after a 29-year-oldwoman had artificial nails placed duringa manicure. The patient was a doctorof pharmacy degree candidate whowas married and had 2 children.


Karen Mark, MD

Latest:

Tympanic Membrane Perforation:An Unusual Complication of Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection

Otological complications associated with varicella-zostervirus infection are common; however, tympanic membraneinvolvement is rarely reported. We describe a patient withherpes zoster in whom hemorrhagic otitis media with tympanicmembrane perforation developed. To our knowledge,this is the first report of an HIV-infected patient with thisunusual presentation. [Infect Med. 2008;25:561-562]


Karen Wohlheiter, MS

Latest:

Diabetes and Mental Illness: Factors to Keep in Mind

Persons with severe mental illnesses (SMI), such as schizophrenia, are at increased risk for comorbid conditions- including type 2 diabetes-independent of therapy. SMI sufferers especially at risk for type 2 diabetes are women, African Americans, and persons older than 45 years. Among the possible causes of increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes are such schizophrenia-associated conditions as impaired glucose tolerance, overweight, obesity, inadequate nutrition, lack of exercise, and inadequate self-care. Other obstacles to good health care among patients with schizophrenia include impaired communication ability, denial of illness, social withdrawal, and undertreatment because of comorbid conditions. Different antipsychotic medications may also contribute to preexisting insulin resistance or glucose intolerance. Clinicians can optimize care by understanding the most significant barriers for each patient and incorporating this knowledge into an active treatment plan.


Karen Wood, MD

Latest:

Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: Simple to Diagnose, Potentially Deadly if Overlooked

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) shares clinical symptoms with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) such as daytime sleepiness, headaches, and memory problems. Both the symptoms and their sequelae, however, can be much more severe in OHS. Here, guidance on what to look for and how to manage OHS.


Kari Blaho, MD

Latest:

Crack Thumb

A 41-year-old man complaining of left-sided chest pain for 2 hours was examined in the emergency department (ED). On arrival, his blood pressure was 160/100 mm Hg; heart rate, 90 beats per minute; respiratory rate, 18 breaths per minute; oxygen saturation, 99%; and temperature, 37.2°C (99°F).


Karin Soby Gilkison, MD, MPH

Latest:

Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection

Are these tender, vesicular erythematous lesions symptomatic of HIV/AIDS? Of Ramsay Hunt syndrome? Of herpes simplex or varicella-zoster virus? What's your diagnosis?



Karl Nadolsky, DO

Latest:

Lifestyle Medicine: AHA's Statement Calling for Lifestyle Counseling Training

Patients take lifestyle recommendations seriously, but not many physicians offer them. Why not? Do you?


Kashif Ali, MD

Latest:

Herpes Zoster: Pain Now, Rash Later

A 5-year-old boy was brought for evaluation of left leg pain. He had awoken with the pain 2 days earlier.


Kashif S. Bhutto, MD

Latest:

A man with sudden-onset dyspnea, chest pain, and pneumothorax

Unilateral cystic lung anomalies are uncommon. We report a case of placental transmogrification of the lung in an adult, a condition with a peculiar histological pattern characterized by formation of placental, villus-like structures in the lung parenchyma.


Kashyapkumar Patel, MD

Latest:

Further Evidence That HTLV Protects Against HIV Progression

Previous case reports have suggested an association betweenhuman T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types 1 and 2infection and chronic nonprogressive HIV infection. Evidenceis lacking about the specifics of how the two are related. Wereport 2 cases of chronic nonprogressive HIV infection (of9 and 13 years' duration, respectively) in women in whomHTLV coinfection was diagnosed. These cases provide clinicalsupport that HTLV coinfection may serve as a protective factoragainst progression of HIV infection. Possible reasons for thisrelationship and potential future research are discussed.[Infect Med. 2008;25:416-420]


Kassem Hammoud, MD

Latest:

Bloody Diarrhea Caused by Infection With Klebsiella oxytoca in a Burn Patient

Clostridium difficile infections account for most cases of antibiotic-associated colitis.1 However, there is increasing evidence that Klebsiella oxytoca infection contributes to the development of C difficile–negative antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis. Most cases have been reported in France,2-12


Kate V. Viola, MD, MHS

Latest:

Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy

This tongue-twister of a dermatosis is the most common type seen during pregnancy and primarily occurs in women carrying twins or triplets.


Katherine L. Baumgarten, MD

Latest:

What Caused Cough and Hemoptysis in a Patient Recently Treated for Exudative Tonsillitis?

A 22-year-old man presentedwith a 3-week history ofcough and hemoptysis withright-sided chest pain and decreasedoral intake associated with a 4.5-kg(10-lb) weight loss. Ten days beforehospital admission, he was involvedin a fistfight, which resulted in his arrest.He was taken to jail and placedin a holding cell for 3 hours. Shortlybefore his pulmonary symptoms developed,he was seen by his primarycare physician because he had a sorethroat and exudative tonsillitis, forwhich amoxicillin/clavulanate wasprescribed. He stopped taking theantibiotic after 3 days.


Katherine Landen, MD

Latest:

ECG Changes in Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Torsades de pointes, or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, seen on ECG includes wide complex QRS morphology tachycardia, axis deviation of the QRS complexes around baseline.


Katherine P. Trayes, MD

Latest:

Rectus Sheath Rupture With Hematoma Formation

The authors present a case of rupture of the rectus abdominis muscle with subsequent rectus sheath hematoma-an uncommon and often misdiagnosed cause of acute abdominal pain.


Kathie L. Hermayer, MD, MS

Latest:

Reviewing the effects of hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus on COPD

Diabetes mellitus is a group of disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and the resulting macrovascular and microvascular complications.


Kathleen B. Elmer, MD

Latest:

Zosteriform Lentiginous Nevus

A 17-year-old girl sought evaluation of multiple face and neck nevi. The lesions had been present at birth and were becoming darker as the teen grew older. She reported no family or personal history of skin cancer or dysplastic nevi.


Kathleen C. Kobashi, MD

Latest:

Urinary Incontinence:Choices in Medical Therapy for the Overactive Bladder

Urge incontinence, also referred to as overactive bladder (OAB)-wet, is the involuntary loss of urine accompanied by or immediately preceded by a sensation of urgency. It has a reported overall prevalence of 16.0% in men and 16.9% in women. Currently, the mainstay of management for symptomatic urgency and OAB-wet is medical therapy.


Kathleen Sheridan, DO

Latest:

Bilateral Alien Hand Syndrome

A 68-year-old woman was hospitalized because of confusion and agitation of sudden onset. Her history included dementia and multiple infarcts of both cerebellar hemispheres, bilateral basal ganglia, bilateral parietal lobes, and the right occipital lobe.


Kathlyn Stone

Latest:

Improved Acute Ischemic Stroke Outcomes With tPA

An analysis of 1274 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) admitted to a single Colorado medical center over a 2-year period found that application of any acute stroke treatment strategy improved the patients’ NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score.


Kathryn Gehrig, MD

Latest:

Cutaneous Lymphoid Hyperplasia

A 51-year-old man presented with red, mildly pruritic papulonodules that had erupted on his face approximately 5 weeks earlier. The clinical appearance suggested cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia.


Katrena Floyd, MD

Latest:

Pneumomediastinum After Emergent Intubation

A 33-year-old woman with a history of severe asthma requiring multiple intubations was brought to the emergency department. She had completed a 14-day course of prednisone 3 days earlier. Since then, she had had increasing dyspnea that acutely worsened after she used her albuterol nebulizer that morning. Her other asthma medications were theophylline and fluticasone. Her history included one episode of bilateral pneumothoraces secondary to barotrauma, which required chest tube insertion.


Katrina Miller, MD

Latest:

Bilateral Leg Ulcers in a Cachectic Man

A 51-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with painful ulcers on both lower extremities, severe anemia, and a 45-kg (100-lb) weight loss over the past year. Pain from the ulcers prevents him from walking. The ulcers developed about 5 years earlier, as a result of his wearing high boots for work; they began as small sores and grew over time.


Kavita Goyal, MD

Latest:

Gout

A 73-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with pain in his hands, feet, and elbows. The patient, an alcoholic, had a 20-year history of hypertension and diabetes. Deformities of the hands and feet had developed during the past 5 years. Tophi were present over both ear lobes. The serum uric acid level was 15 mg/dL.


Kavita Imrit, DO

Latest:

A case of miliary TB complicated by ARDS and pancytopenia

We present a case of a 35-year-old man with fever and pancytopenia, who had rapid progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiorgan failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy secondary to disseminated tuberculosis (TB). Although both sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid smears were negative for acid-fast bacilli, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay on the BAL fluid was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This case emphasizes the need to include TB in the differential for ARDS and the value of PCR testing of BAL fluid, especially in high-risk patients.

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