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Oral Plasmablastic LymphomaA previously healthy 43-year-old man was referred to the hospital for the diagnosis of a nodular lesion in the mandibular gingiva.
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Histoplasmosis-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome: A Case ReportHemophagocytic syndrome is a macrophage disorder that may develop as a result of immunological activation, such as that seen in severe infection.
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Recurrent Urothelial Bladder Cancer Among HIV-Infected PatientsWe report 4 cases of bladder cancer in an ethnically diverse population of about 2500 HIV-infected patients. These patients were younger than the median age at diagnosis of bladder cancer in the United States.
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Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in a Man with Long-Standing HIVHere’s a case in point about progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with long-standing HIV who had never taken HART.
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An HIV-Infected Patient With Fever, Pancytopenia, and Renal Failure: Is This End-Stage AIDS?Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. Although immunocompetent persons with H capsulatum infections are usually asymptomatic, several clinical syndromes can manifest in immunocompromised patients.
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Histoplasmosis-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome: A Case ReportHemophagocytic syndrome is a macrophage disorder that may develop as a result of immunological activation, such as that seen in severe infection.
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An HIV-Infected Patient With Nocardia asteroides Bilateral PneumoniaPneumonia remains a concern for persons with long-standing HIV infection. We present a case of a 43-year-old HIV-infected woman with bilateral pneumonia whose presentation suggested the cause was a bacterial pathogen.
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Histoplasmosis-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome: A Case ReportHemophagocytic syndrome is a macrophage disorder that may develop as a result of immunological activation, such as that seen in severe infection.
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Preexposure Prophylaxis with Tenofovir or Emtricitabine-Tenofovir Reduces Herpes Simplex Virus Type -2 TransmissionThis study demonstrates an added benefit to tenofovir-based preexposure prophylaxis regimens in preventing HSV-2.
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Isolated Unilateral Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome as the Initial Manifestation of HIV InfectionThe lifetime cumulative risk of at least 1 abnormal ocular lesion for an HIV-positive person ranges from 52% to 100%. Ophthalmic involvement can occur during the early phase of HIV infection, and ocular lesions are mainly noted in the posterior segment.1,2
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Elephantiasis Nostras Verrucosa Secondary to Kaposi Sarcoma: A Rare CaseA 52-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of progressive bilateral lower extremity edema and increasing pain. The patient complained of shortness of breath, productive cough, and rash on the upper extremities and torso for the past year.
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Current Health Disparities in HIV/AIDSThe CDC and other public health organizations have identified numerous disparities in the incidence and outcomes of HIV disease among different population groups
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Unusual Case of Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia During Primary HIV InfectionSymptomatic primary HIV infection occurs in an estimated 50% to 90% of patients. A constellation of symptoms that most closely resembles those of acute infectious mononucleosis characterizes the syndrome.
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Recurrent Urothelial Bladder Cancer Among HIV-Infected PatientsWe report 4 cases of bladder cancer in an ethnically diverse population of about 2500 HIV-infected patients. These patients were younger than the median age at diagnosis of bladder cancer in the United States.
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HIV Testing in the Emergency DepartmentIn a recent editorial in The AIDS Reader, the “burden of responsibility for routine HIV testing” was accurately described as now falling on all clinicians, including those in emergency departments (EDs). Routine HIV testing in the ED seems logical because patients who seek health care in the ED are often underinsured and have low incomes, the very populations with a higher prevalence of undiagnosed HIV.
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Public Health and Human Rights: Evidence-Based ApproachesThe words HIV or AIDS do not appear in the title of this book, and at first glance, this book appears to be about something else. On the contrary, it is about HIV and much more.
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HIV-Associated Pseudotumor Cerebri: A Case Report and Literature ReviewIdiopathic intracranial hypertension is a cause of vision loss in HIV-positive patients. In many patients with controlled HIV disease, idiopathic intracranial hypertension develops without any other apparent cause.
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Routine HIV Screening, Part 2: Beyond Testing and ReferralJake” was a 17-year-old high school student who came to see me with his supportive but anxious mother. Four months earlier, Jake’s pediatrician, having read the CDC recommendations for routine testing of all patients aged 13 to 64,
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Progression of Kaposi Sarcoma Associated With Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome in a Person With HIV/AIDSThe prevalence of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in HIV-infected persons in the pre-HAART era has been reported to be as high as 20%. Although AIDS-associated KS has declined by more than 80% since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral regimens, KS remains an important malignancy in the HIV-infected population
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Subacute Onset of Paralysis in a Person With AIDSThe pathogen Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan that most commonly presents in persons with AIDS as reactivation of latent infection.
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Unusual Case of Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia During Primary HIV InfectionSymptomatic primary HIV infection occurs in an estimated 50% to 90% of patients. A constellation of symptoms that most closely resembles those of acute infectious mononucleosis characterizes the syndrome.
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Establishing an Anal Dysplasia Clinic for HIV-Infected Men: Initial ExperienceProlonged exposure to high-risk strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the dysplastic effects that HPV exerts on cells of the squamocolumnar transitional junction of the anal canal lead to anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN), which is a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA).1 Anal HPV infection is present in 93% of HIV-positive men who have anoreceptive intercourse.2 Furthermore, anal dysplasia of any grade has been reported in 56% of HIV-infected men who participate in anoreceptive intercourse.3,4
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An HIV-Infected Patient With Nocardia asteroides Bilateral PneumoniaPneumonia remains a concern for persons with long-standing HIV infection. We present a case of a 43-year-old HIV-infected woman with bilateral pneumonia whose presentation suggested the cause was a bacterial pathogen.
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The Changing Face of Anal CancerCancer of the anal canal is a relatively uncommon disease in the United States. It accounts for about 2% of the cancers of the GI tract; about 5000 cases will be diagnosed this year. Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (anal SCC) is of particular interest to the infectious disease specialist because it is one of the cancers associated with HIV infection in men who have sex with men (MSM).
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Conquering the HIV+ Patient's Special Challenges With Smoking CessationThere are many reasons why people infected with HIV are more likely to be smokers, and the condition makes it a challenge to quit. But many do want to stop smoking, and a new program shows how to tailor the effort for them.
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Antiretroviral Therapy: Short-Term, Earlier Interventions Show PromiseNew guidelines on the use of antiretroviral therapy, together with recently published studies, highlight the benefits of early, short-term treatment on outcomes, clinical signs of the disease, morbidity and mortality, and secondary transmission.
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An HIV-Infected Patient With Nocardia asteroides Bilateral PneumoniaPneumonia remains a concern for persons with long-standing HIV infection. We present a case of a 43-year-old HIV-infected woman with bilateral pneumonia whose presentation suggested the cause was a bacterial pathogen.
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Extensive Development of Flat Warts as a Cutaneous Manifestation of Immune Reconstitution SyndromeCutaneous manifestations of immune recovery in response to highly active antiretroviral therapy may account for up to 54% to 78% of the clinical presentations of the immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS)
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HIV-Associated Pseudotumor Cerebri: A Case Report and Literature ReviewIdiopathic intracranial hypertension is a cause of vision loss in HIV-positive patients. In many patients with controlled HIV disease, idiopathic intracranial hypertension develops without any other apparent cause.
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Treatment of Acute Hepatitis C in an HIV-Positive Man With Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin for 24 WeeksAn epidemic of acute hepatitis C is emerging among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM), with a growing number of cases reported in the MSM population in the United States and Europe.
