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Asthma and Being Female
Early menarche, irregular menstruation, menopause onset, and HRT – especially estrogen-only HRT: all appear to be linked with an increased risk of asthma.
Increased risk of asthma risk appears to be linked to early menarche, irregular menstruation, menopause onset, and HRT â especially estrogen-only HRT. Details here from the most comprehensive meta-analysis of asthma in females to date.
References:
1. Nwaru BI, Nurmatov U, Sheikh A. Endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones in asthma and allergy in females: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2016; 26:15078. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/268206442. Lieberoth S, Gade EJ, Brok J, et al. Age at menarche and risk of asthma: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Asthma. 2014; 51:559-565. 3. Zemp E, Schikowski T, Dratva J, et al. Asthma and the menopause: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Maturitas. 2012; 73:212-217.4. McCleary N, Nwaru BI, Nurmatov UB, et al. Endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones in asthma and allergy in females: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018 Jan 2. pii: S0091-6749(17)33009-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.034 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29305316
