Livedo Reticularis: A Classic Presentation

Livedo reticularis (Figure) is the cutaneous manifestation most frequently associated with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). It manifests as a dusky, violaceous vascular discoloration with a reticulated pattern on the upper and lower extremities.²

Livedo reticularis is not specific for APS, however, and can occur in other conditions, including connective-tissue diseases and infections, and as a normal variant. Other cutaneous findings in APS include necrotizing vasculitis, livedoid vasculitis, ulcers, thrombophlebitis, cutaneous necrosis and gangrene, and painful skin nodules.² APS may be managed with aspirin, prednisone, and/or warfarin.