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The addition of basal insulin to current oral medication is the  simplest way to initiate insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Insulin Strategies to Treat Type 2 Diabetes

UPDATE: The Outsourcing Facilities Association (OFA), which on October 8 filed suit against the US FDA for removing antiobesity and diabetes medication tirzepatide from the agency’s drug shortage list 5 days earlier, appears to have prevailed, at least temporarily, 

In a reversal of the decision the OFA called “reckless and arbitrary—lacking any semblance of lawful process” the FDA has said that compounding pharmacies can continue to produce and sell tirzepatide products while the agency begins a review to determine whether in fact shortages of the 2 tirzepatide-based medications Mounjaro (type 2 diabetes) and Zepbound (obesity) have been resolved as manufacturer Eli Lilly announced in early October. 

The OFA, a compounding industry trade group, filed a lawsuit against the FDA on October 8, for the sudden removal of tirzepatide (Zepbound, Mounjaro; Eli Lilly) from the federal drug shortage list. The lawsuit alleges that the action was taken without the required notice and disputes the agency’s warning of “localized supply disruption,” according to a news release from OFA.

“The FDA’s removal of tirzepatide from the shortage list without the due process of proper federal notice, at a time when they acknowledge that shortages still exist, is the definition of arbitrary and capricious,” Lee H Rosebush, chairman of OFA, said in the news release. “The agency’s decision will have tremendous implications across the nation for patients and physicians, as well as the outsourcing facilities that made an enormous investment to meet patient demand in light of product shortages and delays.”

The lawsuit alleges that the decision is “reckless and arbitrary” and “lacking any semblance of lawful process.” According to the FDA, compounding facilities may prepare compounded versions of a drug listed on the FDA’s drug shortage life, provided the compound drugs meet the conditions of the federal law. As of October 9, there are currently 117 drugs on the drug shortage list, including amoxicillin powder for suspension, clonazepam, and semaglutide injection (Wegovy, Ozempic; Novo Nordisk). As of October 2, tirzepatide has been marked as resolved.

In the lawsuit, the OFA is seeking to have the decision vacated immediately; the OFA is also asking for a temporary order allowing members of the OFA to make compounded versions of the drug during the pending lawsuit.

In the lawsuit, the OFA alleges “ignoring evidence that the shortage persists, [the] FDA removed tirzepatide from the shortage list without notice, without soliciting input from affected parties and the public, and without meaningful rationale. Indeed, the agency confirmed that there remains a tirzepatide shortage and that it acted to benefit special interests, raise drug prices, and deprive much of the public of access to a needed medicine.”

According to the OFA filing, the Administrative Procedure Act states that agencies should propose and give notice of actions taken to the Federal Register, seek comments from parties involved, and explain the final decision and address comments on the decision. The OFA states that the “FDA skipped past every single requirement of reasoned rulemaking when it threw up a notice on its website removing tirzepatide from the shortage list—thereby depriving patients of access to the compounded drug.”

The lawsuit demands transparency of the FDA, particularly when it comes to defining and maintaining drug shortages, especially as the shortages continue to worsen for patients across the US. The OFA claims that outsourcing facilities play a critical role in drug shortages by ensuring patients have access to needed medications and providing drugs at reduced cost.

1. Outsourcing Facilities Association Sues FDA Over Sudden Removal of Tirzepatide from Drug Shortage List. News release. OFA. October 8, 2024. Accessed October 8, 2024. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241008699576/en/Outsourcing-Facilities-Association-Sues-FDA-Over-Sudden-Removal-of-Tirzepatide-from-Drug-Shortage-List

2. FDA. Compounding and the FDA: Questions and Answers. August 5, 2024. Accessed October 9, 2024. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/compounding-and-fda-questions-and-answers

3. Outsourcing Facilities Association; North American Custom Laboratories LLC D/B/A Farmakeio Cutom Compounting v. United States Food and Drug Administration; and Dr. Robert M Califf, in his official capacity as Commissioner of Food and Drugs. Civil Action No. 4:24-cv-953. United States District Court For The Northern District of Texas, Fort Worth Division. Filed October 7, 2024. Accessed October 9, 2024. https://www.503bs.org/_files/ugd/90544a_956a40069f7c4b768199e187953cd15f.pdf

Update: The FDA has told compounding pharmacies they may resume production of tirzepatide products while the agency further investigates supply.  

Clinical Topics

FDA News

FDA Faces Law Suit Over Sudden Removal of Tirzepatide from Drug Shortage List 

An 89-year-old woman with a history of biopsy-proven actinic keratosis on her scalp is seen for a new erosion on the right frontal area. Two weeks of twice-daily mupirocin has brought no improvement and now crusting and purulent exudate are seen. Skin cultures taken show normal flora.

C. Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp

E. Chronic actinic damage with secondary infection

An 89-year-old woman is seen for an erosion on the frontal area of the scalp. History is positive for actinic keratosis. What's your Dx?

Crusty Scalp Lesion 

A 67-year-old woman noted the appearance of several non-tender, rock-hard, purple-colored nodules on her legs. Her medical history was significant for distant non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

A 67-year-old woman noted the appearance of several non-tender, rock-hard, purple-colored nodules on her legs. Her medical history was significant for distant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The violaceous color and configuration of the skin lesions suggests which of the following? 

Hard Purple Nodules: Your Dx?

A 13-year-old girl with known eczema presents with a vesicular rash on her palms that appeared after swimming in the ocean. Skin is tender; vesicles ooze clear liquid. Treated with triamcinolone w/o effect. Watch real-time examination on video.

A. Acute palmoplantar eczema (dyshidrotic eczema)

VIDEO: The child's hands are chronically dry but the skin has recently begun to crack; vesicular rash appeared after an ocean swim. Dx?

A 13-year-old Girl with a Vesicular Rash on Palms 

A 64-year-old woman with a history of basal cell carcinoma presents to the dermatologist for skin cancer surveillance. She is incidentally noted to have bruising on her upper eyelids (above). On questioning, she reports experiencing recurrent intermittent eyelid bruising for several years. She denies a history of trauma to her face, pain, or other associated symptoms.

Her medical history is significant for hyperlipidemia, hepatitis C (diagnosed >30 years earlier), osteoporosis, celiac disease, and idiopathic proteinuria for several years. Her surgical history includes appendectomy and carpal tunnel repair.

Pertinent family history includes her mother dying of multiple myeloma and her father of complications of diabetes.

Review of systems is significant for vague symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort. On more directed questioning, she reports the eyelid purpura is temporally related to the Valsalva maneuver/ strained bowel movements. Her medications include atorvastatin, risedronate sodium, a daily multivitamin, calcium, vitamin D, and aspirin.

Her examination reveals no bruising elsewhere and no findings of interest on skin or mucous membranes.

Eyelid bruising was observed on a 64-year-old woman during routine skin cancer follow-up. She denied trauma or pain. What does this look like to you? 

Image IQ: Recurrent Eyelid Purpura 

Jennifer L. Rosselli, PharmD

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