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Authors

A 52-year-old man with hypertension and hyperlipidemia presents to the emergency department with a 5-month history of cough and dyspnea.

Case In Point: Middle-Aged Man With Worsening Cough and Dyspnea

This teen’s fingers become cold and white intermittently during the winter months since she moved to the northeast from the Caribbean. She has had violaceous papules, petechiae, and healing ulcerations on the distal digits of both hands and feet for about a month as well as intermittent shortness of breath.

A. Raynaud phenomenon, primary or secondary

This teen has had violaceous papules, petechiae, and healing ulcerations on the distal digits of both hands and feet for about a month this winter as well as intermittent shortness of breath since she moved to the northeast from the Caribbean. What's in your differential?

Clinical Topics

Cold, White Fingers

The lesion on this 6-year-old boy occupies almost the entire left side of his nose. The mother attributed it to an injury her son had sustained 2½ weeks earlier, when he was hit in the face by a baseball.

Is this lesion the result of an injury, as the boy’s mother suspected, or something else?

Scaly Plaque on the Nose

This 15-year-old has a pruritic, flat-topped, monomorphic papular rash on his face and arms for the past 6 days. He takes no medications, has not been sick recently, and has not been exposed to poison oak.

A.  Papular acrodermatitis of childhood (Gianotti-Crosti)

This monomorphic papular rash is unrelated to medications, recent sickness, or exposure to poison oak. It developed about 6 days earlier. 

Teen With Itchy Papular Rash on Face and Arms

A 64-year-old woman with a history of basal cell carcinoma presents to the dermatologist for skin cancer surveillance. She is incidentally noted to have bruising on her upper eyelids (above). On questioning, she reports experiencing recurrent intermittent eyelid bruising for several years. She denies a history of trauma to her face, pain, or other associated symptoms.

Her medical history is significant for hyperlipidemia, hepatitis C (diagnosed >30 years earlier), osteoporosis, celiac disease, and idiopathic proteinuria for several years. Her surgical history includes appendectomy and carpal tunnel repair.

Pertinent family history includes her mother dying of multiple myeloma and her father of complications of diabetes.

Review of systems is significant for vague symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort. On more directed questioning, she reports the eyelid purpura is temporally related to the Valsalva maneuver/ strained bowel movements. Her medications include atorvastatin, risedronate sodium, a daily multivitamin, calcium, vitamin D, and aspirin.

Her examination reveals no bruising elsewhere and no findings of interest on skin or mucous membranes.

B. Allergic contact dermatitis, purpuric type

Eyelid bruising was observed on a 64-year-old woman during routine skin cancer follow-up. She denied trauma or pain. What does this look like to you? 

Image IQ: Recurrent Eyelid Purpura 

A 67-year-old woman noted the appearance of several non-tender, rock-hard, purple-colored nodules on her legs. Her medical history was significant for distant non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

A 67-year-old woman noted the appearance of several non-tender, rock-hard, purple-colored nodules on her legs. Her medical history was significant for distant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The violaceous color and configuration of the skin lesions suggests which of the following? 

Hard Purple Nodules: Your Dx?

A 5-year-old boy with a history of atopic dermatitis since 6 weeks of age, presents with a rash around his mouth that has been present for approximately 1 year. The patient’s mother reports that desonide topical cream was applied to the affected area for about 5 days, which initially resulted in improvement, however the rash returned after this medication was discontinued. The rash also recently improved after the patient took amoxicillin for an infection. She also notes that the patient has been licking his lips more frequently.

On examination there is an erythematous papulopustular eruption restricted to the perioral region, with sparing of the vermillion border. Mild hyperpigmentation is noted on the patient’s neck. There is no active involvement of other areas of the body.

The eruption has been present for 1 year and is restricted to the perioral region. What is included in your differential? 

Rash Around the Mouth of a 5-year-old Child

Said B. Iskandar, MD

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