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At the 19th Annual Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in Seattle, much of the discussion focused on issues secondary to HIV: cardiovascular comorbidities and hepatitis.

Troubling new evidence from the CDC raises questions about how COPD is not being adequately diagnosed and treated in many patients.

By starting patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) before infection, researchers theorize, the drugs may inhibit HIV replication immediately after exposure to the virus. But adherence by uninfected individuals is a major challenge.

The test can improve outcomes for COPD, but a new review outlines revised standards that call for going beyond spirometry to assess the status of patients with the condition.

At the 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, held early this month in Florida, specialists learned a great deal that is important to primary care. Among the most noteworthy presentations: Why primary care isn't following asthma guidelines, the importance of body weight in asthma treatment, and the future of sublingual allergy drugs.

This rounded 0.5-cm ulcerated lesion with a slightly raised border between the helix and the antihelix had been present on an 85-year-old man’s ear for an unknown period.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy may develop in patients who have normal or impaired fasting blood glucose or impaired glucose tolerance, precursors to frank diabetes.

A large randomized trial showing no effect of antibiotics on acute rhinosinusitis in adults does not inspire a change in recommendations for family physicians.

The combination of electronic medical records and office-based genomic profiling, both on the visible horizon, could herald a coming era when asthma treatments are more rational and less empirical.

Infants of nevirapine-treated mothers have a fourfold lower rate of postnatal HIV transmission.

There is an old saying in real estate that the 3 most important features about a property for sale are “location, location, and location.” In medicine, an equivalent aphorism for the best way to avoid legal problems is “document, document, and document.”

The revised GOLD guidelines redefine treatment objectives, change standards for the use of spirometry, and redefine exacerbation, with special emphasis on comorbidities.

Patient who have had a hip prosthesis operation (and many others) habitually rotate their legs outward. Devices such as shoes with outriders either fail to keep them rotated inwardly or cause pressure sores on the feet.

Two promising new drugs for hepatitis C interfere with antiretrovirals, particularly ritonavir. Caution is advised when treating co-infected patients.

The evidence from a large risk surveillance is robust. The study even controlled for intake of fruits, vegetables, water, and juice. Here are suggestions for patients who may find it difficult to break the habit.