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Before you prescribe an anticholinergic for patients with urinary frequency or urge incontinence, advise them to cut out all caffeine. Complete avoidance--rather than just decreased intake--often results in an immediate improvement in symptoms.

When you examine a young child's ears, position the patient on the parent's lap with his or her abdomen against that of the parent, one leg on either side of the parent's trunk, and the child's head against the parent's chest.

Use a saturated sterile cotton ball whenever you need to irrigate ears or other small, hard-to-reach places.

Acute parotiditis is characterized by unilateral swelling of the parotid gland with associated erythema and tenderness. Purulent secretions from the Stensen duct may be noted in more than 50% of the cases.

These photographs were taken after a 45-year-old woman accidentally dropped a hot curling iron onto her right eye while she was styling her bangs. The images show white coagulation of the superficial corneal epithelium, erythema of the lateral infraorbital area, and a transverse pale area of the superior eyelid. Severe pain occurred immediately after the injury. The vision in her right eye was partially obscured by the white coagulation.

The decision about when to initiate therapy for Parkinson disease (PD) is highly individual and requires discussion with the patient. Delaying treatment because of a patient's fear of side effects may not be in his or her best interests.

BOSTON -- Exercise in the six weeks before a hip or knee replacement led to significant improvements in preoperative muscle strength and a 73% lower-risk of needing care at a rehab facility after arthroplasty.

TORONTO -- Patients with disabling osteoarthritis who consider a knee or hip replacement to be a realistic option are more likely to become a recipient of one than those who are of two minds, Canadian researchers said.

BOSTON -- Women who exercised four or more hours a week for years were 40% less likely to have a live birth after in vitro fertilization (IVF), according to a study of more than 2,200 patients.

SAN FRANCISCO -- A porcine wrinkle has emerged in the struggle against community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in The Netherlands, researchers recounted here.

WASHINGTON -- The Heart Rhythm Society said today that the FDA should tighten up post-market surveillance of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). It would also ditch the word "recall" as not sufficiently specific.

ROCKVILLE, Md. -- The FDA has approved Vectibix (panitumumab), a monoclonal antibody that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.

COLUMBUS, Ohio -- Twelve of every 1,000 high school football players who played last year were injured during a game. So were 5.21 of every 1,000 girls during game-day soccer.

BOSTON -- When a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome comes to mind, consider migraine, fibromyalgia, and depression as well.

SAN FRANCISCO -- Reduced antibiotic usage in the United Kingdom appears to have halted resistance for respiratory pathogens, researchers reported here. However, Escherichia coli resistance tripled.

LODZ, Poland -- In open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass polypropylene mesh used to hold the incision closed prevents hernias despite extreme obesity, researchers here reported.

LONDON -- There are so many ways to look at a woman, including the ratio of the length of her index and ring fingers. It's a way to spot a good female athlete, say British researchers.

HOUSTON -- Children with acute bacterial infections of skeletal muscle caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are showing up with increasing frequency in pediatric clinics and hospitals, researchers here reported.