A 40-year-old Hispanic homemaker is admitted with a 3-week history of high fever, chest pain, and a dry, irritating cough. Her illness began insidiously with increasing right upper chest pain that is sharp, pleuritic, and rates a 6 on a pain scale of 1 to 10. The pain is associated with temperatures of up to 38.8°C (102°F) and chills, rigors, and profuse sweating that increase in the evening. Worsening dyspnea has been accompanied by a drop in effort tolerance.
Television ads promote a quick pharmaceutical "fix" for erectile dysfunction (ED). The afferent limb is greater recognition of the problem by health care providers and the lay public. The efferent limb is a prescription for a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The downside of this reflex action may be a lack of insight into the clinical significance of ED.
Many patients with postnasal drip syndrome, allergic rhinitis, or sinusitis use nasal saline solution erratically and only a few drops at a time. Be sure to tell patients that they must flush their nasal passages with a generous amount of saline solution at least 4 or 5 times a day to have an effect.
The lesion on this 6-year-old boy occupies almost the entire left side of his nose. The mother attributed it to an injury her son had sustained 2½ weeks earlier, when he was hit in the face by a baseball.
An 80-year-old woman has a 3-month history of increasing dysphagia (withboth solids and liquids), fatigue, and dyspnea on exertion. She has also involuntarilylost 50 lb during the same period. She reports no abdominal pain orchange in bowel function.
An agitated and confused 51-year-old man is brought to the emergency departmentby his family and friends. Recently, he had been drinking heavilyand smoking cocaine. He stopped using alcohol and cocaine 2 days earlier,after he began to vomit.
Q:Is periodic laboratory monitoring recommended for patients withosteoarthritis who are receiving long-term cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)inhibitor therapy and who have no GI or renal symptoms? Similarly,is laboratory monitoring recommended for women who take a selectiveCOX-2 inhibitor to alleviate menstrual cramps (eg, rofecoxib, 50 mg/d,3 to 5 days per month)?--Sarita Salzberg, MDColumbus, Ohio
A pruritic rash under the left breast has bothered a 67-year-old woman forthe past month. She takes an antihypertensive and is otherwise healthy.
For 3 months, a 66-year-old retired man has had increasingweakness of the lower legs with stiffness,tingling, and numbness; worsening ataxia; anergia; andexertional dyspnea of insidious onset. He has lost 8 lb,and his appetite is poor. He denies fever, cough, chest orabdominal pain, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea,ankle swelling, bleeding disorders, hematemesis,melena, headache, vision problems, sciatica, joint pain,bladder or bowel dysfunction, and GI symptoms. He hasnocturia attributable to benign prostatic hypertrophy.
A 52-year-old woman presents with a3-month history of a tender, erosivedermatitis on the nipples and in thevulvar/perineal region. Can youidentify these lesions?
A 5-year-old boy was referredfor evaluation of afemur fracture. A day earlier(while his mother was atwork), the boy had jumpedoff the back of his father’spickup truck, which wasparked in the driveway. Theboy’s older and youngerbrothers were present andreported the incident to thefather. The father found the childsitting on the ground; the child toldhis father that his leg hurt and thathe wanted to go to sleep. Apparently, the father putthe child to bed. The mother reported that on the morningof admission, the child was wearing the sameclothes as when she had left for work the previous day.The child could not walk, although he was able to bearsome weight; his mother brought him to the hospital.There was no other history of acute trauma involvinghis leg.
A 78-year-old widower with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and hyperlipidemiais referred for a comprehensive geriatric assessment.His daughter is concerned about her father’s decline following her mother’s death a year ago.His memory seems to be deteriorating. His desk is cluttered with bills, but he refuses to lethis daughter help him or even look at his checkbook.
For the past week, a 16-year-old boy has had a progressively worsening dry, irritating cough; dyspnea on exertion; and intermittent fever and chills. During the past 24 hours, he has had no appetite and has vomited greenish material 3 or 4 times.
A 32-year-old woman, who recently gave birth, seeks evaluation of 2 lesions onher neck. A linear, medium brown, warty, 4-cm lesion has been present sinceshe was born; there has been no disproportionate growth or change in color.The crusted 0.5-cm nodule at the most cephalad aspect of the linear lesiondeveloped in early pregnancy and has gradually enlarged.
A 32-year-old man complains ofknee pain that resulted when he felland twisted his right knee skiing theday before. He suffered other minorcontusions from the fall, but none ofthese required medical attention. Heis otherwise in good health and hasno relevant medical history.
Bowman MA, Baxt WG (eds)OFFICE EMERGENCIESPhiladelphia, WB Saunders Company, 2003, 416 pages,softcover $34.95
Quinolones are commonlyused to treat a widevariety of infectious diseases,such as community-acquired pneumoniaand urinary tract infections. Somequinolones are also given as prophylaxisfor spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.These popular antimicrobial agents areassociated with several clinically significantdrug interactions, which can beclassified into 2 major categories1-3:
Q:Under what circumstances is 24-hour ambulatoryblood pressure monitoring (ABPM) appropriate?
For several days, a 35-year-old woman has had a swollen, painfulfinger. She is otherwise healthy and has no significant medical history.
For 3 months, a 41-year-old womanhas had a pruritic acneiform eruptionon the lateral aspects of the neck andthe left side of the face. She is otherwisehealthy and takes no medication.