Depression

BETHESDA, Md. -- Tamoxifen significantly decreased symptoms of acute mania beginning as early as five days in patients with bipolar disorder in a small pilot study.

GENEVA, Switzerland -- No individual chronic disease - not angina, not arthritis, not asthma, not diabetes -- is more disabling than depression, according to a World Health Organization study.

ATLANTA -- Suicide rates among children and young adults in the United States rose by 8% from 2003 to 2004, the largest increase in 15 years, CDC investigators reported.

MONTREAL -- Antidepressants that directly enhance serotonin signaling appear to have a much faster onset of action in animal models of depression than selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), said investigators here.

MONTREAL -- Vivid dreams of babies in peril are common to pregnant women and newly delivered mothers, often inspiring wakefulness and a postpartum need to check on the infant.

Common eye diseases such as glaucoma, cataract, and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) (Figure) can have significant systemic ramifications. Recent studies have found that these eye diseases may herald the onset of various types of physical and mental impairment, especially in elderly persons.

For 2 weeks, a 67-year-old obese woman has had episodes of diffuse, nonradiating abdominal pain that last for several hours and are slightly relieved by famotidine/antacid. She rates the pain as 7 on a scale of 1 to 10.

abstract: Common causes of poorly controlled asthma include nonadherence to long-term inhaler therapy; environmental exposures; and uncontrolled comorbidities, such as allergic rhinitis. Adherence can be limited by many factors, including inadequate patient education, medication cost, prior failed treatment, poor physician-patient relationship, unrealistic expectations for therapy, and depression. For patients who have a poor perception of their symptoms, emphasizing the "disconnect" between symptoms and pulmonary function can help motivate them to monitor themselves with a peak flow meter and to adjust their medication accordingly. For patients with allergic triggers, instituting allergen-specific environmental controls can decrease symptoms and urgent care visits for asthma. Chronic rhinosinusitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease can also contribute to difficult-to-control asthma, and treatment of these comorbidities can help reduce asthma symptoms. (J Respir Dis. 2007;28(9):365-369)

BETHESDA, Md. -- Emphasizing that asthma affects different patients in different ways, the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program has issued new evidence-based guidelines on the disease.

RICHMOND, Va. -- The Virginia Tech massacre might have been prevented if university authorities had heeded "clear warnings of mental instability" from the shooter, found a state review panel.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. -- Depression and living in a dank, moldy home are linked, but a lack of control and mold-related health problems also play a role, researchers said.

BOSTON -- Some men essentially outgrow and reverse delayed or partial puberty from idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, investigators here suggested.

ROCHESTER, Minn. -- There is evidence of a neuroprotective effect of estrogen from two studies that found women were at an increased risk for dementia and parkinsonism after their ovaries were removed before natural menopause.

SAN FRANCISCO -- Children infected with HIV at birth appear to maintain normal behavior and academic performance after 10 years of follow-up, researchers reported here.

GALVESTON, Tex. -- Burn-associated morbidity and mortality in children are driven by an increased hypermetabolic and inflammatory reaction and impaired cardiac function related to burn size.

ST. LOUIS -- Poor housing conditions may contribute to African Americans' risk of developing diabetes, though how is unclear, researchers said.

BETHESDA, Md. -- The success of treatment with the antidepressant citalopram (Celexa) depends partly on a common genetic variation, researchers here said.

ANN ARBOR, Mich. -- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with severe emphysema strikes women harder than men on clinical and physiological measures, researchers here affirmed.

ABSTRACT: Antidepressants and psychotherapy are effective treatments for major depression. In selecting an antidepressant, consider any previous response or family history of a response to a medication as well as anticipated side effects. Advise patients that antidepressants take at least 4 to 6 weeks to have a full therapeutic effect and that only about half of patients respond to the first drug prescribed. If the patient fails to respond or experiences intolerable side effects, it is usually advisable to substitute an antidepressant with a different mechanism of action. A combined approach using medication and psychotherapy often produces optimal results.

About 10% of all outpatients have major depression.1,2 Although you can prescribe pharmacotherapy, you probably do not have the time to provide extensive counseling.

CARDIFF, Wales -- Marijuana users face a risk of psychotic illness that increases with the frequency of exposure, results of a systematic review suggest.

MINNEAPOLIS -- For patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, an anti-tuberculosis drug can jump start behavioral therapy, investigators here have found.

CAMBRIDGE, England -- Adding weekly cognitive behavioral therapy sessions to a daily fluoxetine (Prozac) regimen was no more beneficial for depressed adolescents than medication alone, researchers here found.

SAN FRANCISCO -- Poor-quality sleep and cognitive decline appear to go hand-in-hand among older women, but it's unclear which leads to the other, investigators here suggested.

CARDIFF, Wales -- Infants given 1% apraclonidine eye drops as a diagnostic test for Horner's syndrome may be at risk for extreme lethargy, bradycardia, and respiratory depression that can last for hours.